{"id":1355,"date":"2015-09-03T18:27:44","date_gmt":"2015-09-04T01:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/?page_id=1355"},"modified":"2026-09-21T09:48:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T16:48:33","slug":"the-basics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/the-basics\/","title":{"rendered":"Quick Info"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are looking for some extra help in understanding what is going on in class than you have come to the right spot. This page contains content and links designed to assist learning the material covered in lecture. Explore content, video, and links to help further your understanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Minerals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solids, with definite atomic structure and definable chemical compositions. Over 4000 minerals have been identified and more are found everyday. Minerals are created and destroyed in a variety of ways. Whether you know it or not each person has interacted with minerals. From the diamonds in you earrings to the graphite in your pencil. The ice outside and even the components of your cell phone came from the earth. Came from minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"http:\/\/geology.com\/minerals\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/quartz.jpg\" alt=\"Quartz crystal\" class=\"wp-image-1166\" style=\"width:313px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/quartz.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/quartz-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"http:\/\/science.howstuffworks.com\/environmental\/earth\/geology\/diamond1.htm\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/diamond.png\" alt=\"Cut diamond\" class=\"wp-image-1167\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.4953457862185293;width:348px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/diamond.png 640w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/diamond-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"http:\/\/flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz\/rocks_minerals\/minerals\/index.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/ice.jpg\" alt=\"snowflake\" class=\"wp-image-1168\" style=\"width:230px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/ice.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/ice-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/ice-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information on minerals click each of the images above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A physical property of minerals is hardness, which is the minerals resistance to being scratched.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs.jpg\" alt=\"Mohs Scale of Hardness\" class=\"wp-image-2056\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.4363152122826257;width:404px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs-768x535.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs-264x184.jpg 264w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/Mohs-528x368.jpg 528w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-440x1024.jpg\" alt=\"The hardness of metals\" class=\"wp-image-2059\" style=\"width:317px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-440x1024.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-768x1789.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-879x2048.jpg 879w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-264x615.jpg 264w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-528x1230.jpg 528w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-644x1500.jpg 644w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2020\/04\/the-hardness-of-metals-a-visual-representation-of-the-mohs-scale-scaled.jpg 1099w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rock Cyle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. These three types encompass all of the rocks on our planet. The interconnections between each of these is what shapes the natural world around us. Come explore the vast intricacies of the rock cycle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.learner.org\/series\/interactive-rock-cycle\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"711\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/rock-cycle.jpg\" alt=\"Rock cycle diagram\" class=\"wp-image-1040\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.7133246122220145;width:463px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/rock-cycle.jpg 711w, https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/rock-cycle-300x175.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geology.com\/rocks\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"245\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/217\/2014\/02\/Common_rocks5.jpg\" alt=\"Rock box with samples\" class=\"wp-image-1323\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.2827380952380953;width:253px;height:auto\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Volcanoes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Volcanoes are a devastating and awe inspiring spectacle of nature. California is home to over 20 volcanoes. Many of which have erupted quite explosively in relatively recent geologic time. For the latest eruptions in North America check out the <a href=\"http:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/\">Volcano Hazards Program<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UK--hvgP2uY?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6M-YX-r0Ll4?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Earthquakes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Did you know that each year southern California has around 10,000 earthquakes? While the majority of these are not strong enough to cause damage (or even be felt for that matter)\u00a0 large earthquakes such as the 7.3 magnitude on that struck Nepal (2015) and the 7.0 magnitude the devastated Haiti (2010) are possible in our area. Palomar campus is just over 70 miles from the San Andreas fault. Off of which splay many smaller faults. Some might even go through your neighborhood. Like to know more about earthquakes in southern California? Then follow the ling to the <a href=\"http:\/\/scedc.caltech.edu\/\">Southern California Earthquake Data Center<\/a>. You can see where the latest earthquakes occurred all over the planet by visiting the <a href=\"http:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/\">USGS Earthquake Hazard Program<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are looking for some extra help in understanding what is going on in class than you have come to the right spot. This page contains content and links designed to assist learning the material covered in lecture. Explore content, video, and links to help further your understanding. Minerals Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic,&hellip; <a class=\"continue\" href=\"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/the-basics\/\">Continue Reading<span> Quick Info<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":227,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1355","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P6Sp2U-lR","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/227"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1355"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2617,"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1355\/revisions\/2617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.palomar.edu\/geology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}