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Across
6. The general term for a chromosomal
abnormality in which there is an
addition or loss of chromosomes
within a set (e.g., 23 + 22 or 23
+ 24 in humans).
7. A diagnostic procedure for
pregnant women to determine
whether or not their fetuses have
gross chromosomal anomalies. It
involves sampling the liquid
immediately surrounding a fetus
within the amnion. This fluid is
usually extracted through the
mother's abdominal and uterine walls with a hypodermic needle.
9. The membrane that develops around
an embryo and contributes to the
formation of the placenta in
humans and other mammals. Later,
as a fetus develops, this membrane
fuses with the amnion.
10. The medical syndrome in which
females inherit three X
chromosomes. As adults, these
women are usually an inch or so
taller than average with unusually
long legs and slender torsos, but
otherwise appear normal. They
have normal development of sexual
characteristics and are fertile.
People with this syndrome are also
referred to as metafemales.
11. A routine diagnostic sampling
procedure for pregnant women used
to determine whether or not their
fetuses have gross chromosomal
anomalies. For this procedure,
blood is drawn from a pregnant
woman in order to determine the
amount of certain proteins that
have leaked into her system from
her unborn child.
14. A fold of skin over the inner
corner of each eyelid. This is
characteristic of normal East
Asians. It is also typical of
people with Down syndrome from any
population in the world.
15. The general term for a structural
modification of a chromosome in
which a portion of a chromatid is
broken off and attached to a
different location on that
chromosome or on another
chromosome. This occurs as a
result of crossing-over when
chromosomes are being duplicated.
16. The general term for a chromosomal
abnormality in which there are
extra complete multiples of
chromosome sets (e.g., 23 + 23 +
23 in humans).
19. The gender of babies that are at
the highest risk for X-linked
genetic disorders.
20. The general term for a chromosomal
abnormality in which there is only
one chromosome instead of the
usual two homologous chromosomes
for a particular pair. |
Down
1. The period between conception and
birth during which an unborn young
is within its mother's uterus. Pregnancy is another word for it.
2. A diagnostic sampling procedure
for pregnant women to determine
whether or not their fetuses have
gross chromosomal anomalies. It
involves collecting a small sample
of chorion cells for karyotyping.
The biopsy usually is done by
inserting a small flexible plastic
tube through the vagina and the
cervix of the uterus to draw out a
sample of chorion tissue.
3. The medical syndrome in which
males inherit one or more extra X
chromosomes. They are likely to
have relatively high-pitched
voices, asexual to feminine body
contours as well as breast
enlargement, and comparatively
little facial and body hair. They
usually are sterile or nearly so,
and their testes and prostate
gland are small. As a result,
they produce relatively small
amounts of testosterone.
4. A genetic pattern in which an
individual has two distinct cell
groupings--one with normal cells
and another with a genetic problem.
5. An organ that develops from the
chorion of an embryo during
gestation and grows into the wall
of the uterus. It is connected to
an unborn child by the umbilical
cord. This organ provides oxygen,
nutrients, and antibodies for a
fetus. Following birth, this
organ and the umbilical cord are
naturally expelled from the uterus
as the "afterbirth."
6. The fluid surrounding a fetus
inside the amnion in its mother’s
uterus. It mostly consists of
fetal urine, but also contains
some fetal skin cells.
8. A gerneral term for a number of
medical conditions that occur
together and characterize a
particular disease or condition.
12. An unborn child during the later
stages of pregnancy. In humans,
it develops from an embryo usually
after the 8th week of gestation.
Unlike embryos, they have clearly
recognizable physical
characteristics of the species and
gender.
13. The general term for a chromosomal
abnormality in which there are 3
chromosomes instead of just 2 for
a specific homologous pair.
15. The medical syndrome in which
females inherit only one X
chromosome. If they survive to
birth, these girls have abnormal
growth patterns. They are short
in stature, averaging 4 feet 7
inches as adults. They generally
lack prominent female secondary
sexual characteristics. Their
ovaries do not develop normally
and they do not ovulate. The few
oöcytes that they produce are
destroyed by the time they are two.
17. The medical syndrome that is due
to trisomy-21. People with this
syndrome commonly have broad,
short heads with small low-set
ears, small concave saddle-shaped
or flattened noses, relatively
large ridged tongues that roll
over a protruding lower lip, low
muscle tone, and loose joints.
This medical syndrome also results
in mental retardation.
18. The medical syndrome in which
males inherit an extra Y
chromosome. As adults, these
"super-males" are
usually tall (above 6 feet) and
generally appear and act normal.
However, they produce high levels
of testosterone. During
adolescence they often are
slender, have severe facial acne,
and are poorly coordinated. They
are usually fertile and lead
normal lives as adults. Many, if
not most, are unaware that they
have a chromosomal abnormality. |
